Sunday, May 17, 2020

Comparison Of Kuhn And Popper s Understanding Of Science

In this section we will compare and contrast Kuhn’s understanding of science with Popper’s understanding of science. These two methods are narrower when it comes to levels of scrutiny. They are also more open and willing to embrace change because they seek to change the status quo which is traditional science. Both scientists agree that the traditional method of science is too broad and ignores many different variables that could change the outcome of the results. They also concur on the idea that a subjective approach to science and reason is more suitable to reach a correct answer rather than shooting wildly in all directions and accepting the bullet that is closest to our target. Kuhn and Popper looked at traditional science as a method based on assumptions and estimates rather than exact truths or data. They do differ however in some ways. Kuhn does not believe that falsifying theories is necessary to ascertain the truth like Popper does. He simply believes that soc iety is rapidly changing and therefore the methods of science must change also. Popper does not necessarily concern himself with sociological opinions or status quos. He focuses more on the procedures of traditional methods and works to disprove theories. Karl Popper was an Austrian-British philosopher as well as a professor of science. He grew up in a wealthy family and surrounded himself with education and knowledge. He attended various lectures and soon found himself accepting the socialist ideas of KarlShow MoreRelatedEssay on Theory Of Knowledge1523 Words   |  7 PagesTheory Of Knowledge In today’s society, science is regarded as being the most trusted form of knowledge, leading to many claiming it to be the supreme form of knowledge. To investigate whether or not this is justified we must compare science to other forms/areas of knowledge and consider what they each contribute. The strongest argument science has to claim this title, is the objectivity and empirical nature of its method and in particular its verifying processes;Read More Equality of Life4144 Words   |  17 Pageslogical arguments based on empirically verifiable premises. According to this way of understanding belief, both religion and philosophy are seen as competing forms of method with the same goal—uncovering or apprehending the one truth of mind-independent reality. Kai Nielsen is a well-known philosophical critic of religious belief who bases his criticism of religion on the aforementioned intellectualistic understanding of religious life. While he recognizes that there is more to religious life thanRead MoreThe Demand for and Supply of Accounting Theories5427 Words   |  22 Pagesthe Rochester school on the ground of inability of the school to demarcate between the two major phenomenons of â€Å"positive† and â€Å"normative† theories. Again, his concept of positive theory of accounting is nothing but a flaw with respect to empirical science. Within the context of this review, two methodological views have evolved namely; the instrumentalism and the realism. However, the Rochester school of accounting has been exonerated from the various criticisms emanating from instrumentalism reviewRead MoreThe Demand for and Supply of Accounting Theories5427 Words   |  22 Pagesthe Rochester school on the ground of inability of the schoo l to demarcate between the two major phenomenons of â€Å"positive† and â€Å"normative† theories. Again, his concept of positive theory of accounting is nothing but a flaw with respect to empirical science. Within the context of this review, two methodological views have evolved namely; the instrumentalism and the realism. However, the Rochester school of accounting has been exonerated from the various criticisms emanating from instrumentalism reviewRead MoreSustainable Supply Chain13609 Words   |  55 PagesThe current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0960-0035.htm IJPDLM 38,5 A framework of sustainable supply chain management: moving toward new theory Craig R. Carter and Dale S. Rogers University of Nevada, College of Business Administration, Reno, Nevada, USA Abstract Purpose – The authors perform a large-scale literature review and use conceptual theory building to introduce the concept of sustainability to the ï ¬ eld of supply chain managementRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmasRead MoreForeign Exchange Risk Management14141 Words   |  57 Pagestranslation, transaction and economic exposures. Foreign currency risk management involves taking decisions which aim at minimizing or eliminating the negative effects of currency fluctuations on balance sheet and income statement values, a firm s receipts and payments arising out of current transactions, and on long term future cash flows of a firm. Creativity by managers and innovations in financial instruments have, over the years, made available to firms a number of avenues that can be followed

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Fdr and His Influence on America - 1608 Words

An Influential Person on Society Yesterday and Today How Franklin Roosevelt’s Influence is Still Felt Today. There have been many influential presidents during the history of our nation. A few examples include George Washington who led our country through the revolutionary war and our nation’s first president. There was also Abraham Lincoln who led us through the Civil War. However our most influential president is Franklin D. Roosevelt. During Franklin Roosevelt’s years in the oval office he would lead our country through one of the toughest times during the 20th century enduring the great depression and World War II. His influence on the United States and the world still exist today with charities he started, federal laws in effect†¦show more content†¦On August 14th 1935, the Social Security Act was passed. The SSA was designed to combat the widespread poverty among senior citizens. It has also provided retirement payments for workers plus benefits for widows, orphans, and the needy. This program was able to set the requirements needed for Medicare and Medicaid, two other tax-payer funded programs to help the elderly and the needy. The stock market was not regulated when it crashed back in 1929. That changed as well during Roosevelt’s first term. The Securities and Exchange Commission was established to help regulate the stock market. The SEC is still active today investigating unfair trading on the New York Stock Exchange. The Tennessee Valley Authority was created in 1933 to help the Tennessee valley region hit hardest by the depression. The goal of the TVA was to help the economy in this area. To this day it is still federally owned corporation and is the largest provider of electricity in the United States. To this day TVA is a major employer in the area. Some of the other programs created during the first 100 days of office include the Federal Housing Administration and the Federal Communications Commission. Both agencies are still active to this day with the FHA helping regulate mortgages and the FCC regulating telecommunicati ons companies including Verizon, ATT, Qwest and Comcast. There also were some programs that had its effect on the economy but they are no longer in existence today. Two of the newShow MoreRelatedPresident Franklin Roosevelt s Speech948 Words   |  4 PagesIn his acceptance speech to the Democratic National Convention on June 27, 1936, President Franklin Roosevelt mentioned many challenges and concerns facing the United States during that time period. In his speech the President used short-hand phrases, brief references, and pejorative naming to make his larger, political and ideological points. 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His time in office also saw the addition of foreign policy as the executive office s jobRead MoreFranklin Delano Roosevelt1228 Words   |  5 Pagesis fear itself.† In his Inaugural Address, Franklin Delano Roosevelt spoke these words to ensure America that he would end the Depression. He no longer wanted Americans to be afraid of the failing economy and unemployment that was causing them to suffer. He immediately wanted to gain their trust and give them hope that their struggles would soon be over. Not only did he make Americans believe that things could get better, but he actually did make things better. As soon as FDR entered office, he gotRead More Franklin D. Roosevelt: An Influential Leader Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesLeader Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) was a man of unusual charm and great optimism, which he was able to communicate to others. He had a broad smile and was a charismatic optimist whose confidence helped sustain the nation through its darkest moments during crisis like the Great Depression and World War II. He became one of the most beloved of U.S. presidents for four terms in office. But beneath his outward friendliness was an inner reserve and an iron will. His admirers emphasized the way in whichRead MoreA First Lady Of The White House Essay1700 Words   |  7 Pagesvery distant cousin Franklin Delano Roosevelt, (FDR), and was constantly under the scrutinous eyes of her mother-in-law, Sara Delano Roosevelt. Over the course of the next ten years, Eleanor and Franklin produced six children. This placed some restraints on Eleanor’s ambitions. However, it did not prohibit her to actively campaign, whenever possible in her husband’s behalf. Likewise, uphold to social obligati ons, mandated by being the wife of FDR, Assistant Navy Secretary (1913-1920). UnfortunatelyRead MoreThe Legacy Of The New Deal1426 Words   |  6 Pages After a time of malnutrition, high unemployment rates, homelessness, economic instability, and a president too cold and stubborn for his people, the citizens of America desperately looked for a sign of hope. The ultimate end to the Great Depression was undoubtedly World War II. However, it was FDR’s New Deal that shed the light of hope on America’s citizens. The programs of the New Deal transformed the role of the government by the implication of numerous laws in order to stop the economy fromRead MoreEssay on Franklin D. Roosevelt: an Influential Leader1333 Words   |  6 Pages Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) was a man of unusual charm and great optimism, which he was able to communicate to others. He had a broad smile and was a charismatic optimist whose confidence helped sustain the nation through its darkest moments during crisis like the Great Depression and World War II. He became one of the most beloved of U.S. presidents for four terms in office. But bene ath his outward friendliness was an inner reserve and an iron will. His admirers emphasized the way in whichRead MoreThe Presidency Of The United States1401 Words   |  6 Pagespreservation of the nation’s land, helping the citizens of the United States and establishing the United States as a world power. The presidency of most 19thcentury would be best described as basically grounds keeping. They were not seen as huge influences when compared to the industrial revolution that was occurring at the time. Some played big roles that helped with shaping the future of how the United States would come to be. One of the most influential of the 19th century presidents would have

Marketing Consumer Behavior for Cadbury Marvelous Creation

Question: Is Cadbury the Famous Brand for Every Customer? Answer: Brand overview Cadbury is the famous chocolate company among the people of world. Now, Cadbury has revealed a new chapter of joy i.e. Cadbury marvelous creation. The marvelous creation is another innovation of the Cadbury. After the success of Cadbury dairy milk, the marvelous creation will be available in new flavors i.e. in the Jelly popping candy and Cookie Nut crunch. The creation of Cadbury marvelous creation is different with the different pieces in various sizes. This report focuses on the brand audit of the Cadbury marvelous creation to analyze the success of the company in the market. Cadbury is the brand name among the customers which is the first choice of customers in any kind of celebration and occasions. Brand audit of Cadbury marvelous creation is given below (Reynolds, 2013). Brand target psychographic profile The target audience for the Cadbury marvelous creation is young children having age of 5 to 12. Basically, the company targets all kinds of customers such as male, female old and new. Cadbury marvelous creation uses psychographic segmentation to attract the customers. By providing Cadbury marvelous creation in various flavors, company is able to attract children. Basically, psychographic segmentation is based on the thinking, feeling and the selection of the brand or product. So, Cadbury marvelous creation wins the market and becomes essential part of the lifestyle of the customers as the loyal brand. The psychographic segmentation is done on the basis of decision and the occasion of the customers (Haseeb, 2016). Cadbury marvelous creation associative network analysis Target of the Cadbury is the children who love the chocolate. The company has understood the concept of chocolate as children love flavor. So, after the success of dairy milk and dairy milk silk, Cadbury launched the new concept of Cadbury marvelous creation with the flavor of banana, nut and jelly with the composition of roasted nuts, caramel and biscuit crunch. The chocolate now considered as product to relieve the stress while working or studying. Cadbury has provided some benefits of the chocolate such as chocolate is good for heart, brain and makes feel better. By these features, Cadbury got success in attracting the customers of all age group (IPA, 2012). Figure 1: Mind Map in Cadbury Brand positioning strategy The brand positioning strategy of Cadbury marvelous creation can be analyzed by various factors- Product- Cadbury marvelous creation is the combination of new flavor of chocolates. Those are sugar-coated candy pieces which attract the children. To attract more customers in the various groups, there are many variations in the chocolate having composition of nuts, biscuits and caramel. Place- The Cadbury marvelous creation is available at every place such as super stores, shop, baker shops and even media stores. By providing marvelous creation, the aim of the company is to provide unique eat experience of chocolates to the customers. Promotion- Cadbury marvelous creation adopts press media and electronic media to attract the customers for chocolates. Promotion is the important part of the brand and in this manner; company provides discounts on various occasions in the marvelous creation. To attract the children, the company has made various types of ads and to encourage youths, company hires superstars for advertisements (The economist, 2010). Figure 2: Promotional tools (Source: Kerin, Hartley Ridelius, 2013) Brand characteristics- Cadbury marvelous creation has positioned itself in all over the world as the perfect appearance of family friends and love etc. By the various campaigns, marvelous creation has positioned itself as the impulsive brand among the customers which is carefree and is for special moment of the life. In the brand positioning of the Cadbury marvelous creation, there are some formation same as other Cadbury chocolates i.e. means of celebration, constant quality, consistent taste, occasional product, sharing happiness with the dear ones and Healthy (Kerin, Hartley Ridelius, 2013). Strategy elements (product, price, and place) Price Location/ distribution Packaging shape, size etc Promotion (discuss primary comms strategy) Reasonable and affordable. Based on the various products. Excellent distribution system, Every corner i.e. super stores, shop, baker shops and media stores Brighter colours, builds environmental sustainability through packaging. All shapes and size such as small blocks, large blocks and bars Press media and electronic media such as television, internet, outdoor etc. Brand elements Brand logo (promise) Brand attributes logo/colours Brand personality Most delicious and best testing chocolate, a moment of pure magic It stands for goodness, shares values such as togetherness of family, fun, reliable, and personal values of enjoyment The colour is purple with the logo of Cadbury written on it. Logo on the product in bold dairy font which shows the relation of milk in product. Best for the occasion, customers first choice at the time of any kind of celebration. Communications elements Brand visuals/ad imagery Taglines Brand Values To provide Real taste of Life in Good quality products in new flavours. Various taglines based on occasions such as Glass and a half True values, true happiness, ability to revitalize and re-energise the customers. Competitors analysis Cadbury is the brand name of the food and beverage industry. There are many competitors in this industry who are providing same products to the competitors. The two main of the Cadbury marvelous creation are Mars and Nestle (Brassington Pettitt, 2003). These companies are also famous among the customers for the taste of various chocolates. Nestle: Nestle is the famous company among the customers as it also provides good taste in the chocolate products. The company gives strong competition to the Cadbury Dairy Milk as it also has various kinds of products for the same target market. The strategy of the company is to think globally and act locally. The analysis of nestle is as follows: Strategy elements (product, price, and place) Price Location/ distribution Packaging shape, size etc Promotion (discuss primary comms strategy) Depends upon each product, Uses consumption or packaging based pricing. Developed various distribution channels such as retailer and whole seller channels Eco-friendly packing which prevents food wasting, different shapes based on products (Nestle, 2017) Smart promotional techniques with good massages. Promotion done through websites, social marketing and TV ads. Brand elements Brand logo (promise) Brand attributes logo/colours Brand personality Provide healthy and calorie free products which are easy to consume Satisfy the needs of the customers, provide good taste and quality with the aim of pure life Different colours on the different products with the logo of birds nest. Positive attitude in the best selling of most effective products Communications elements Brand visuals/ad imagery Taglines Brand Values Innovation, health and sustainability by offering faire trade products Good Food, Good life Integrity, desire of quality work, cooperation and realistic approaches (Bhasin, 2016). Mars- The analysis of Mars is as follows: Strategy elements (product, price, and place) Price Location/ distribution Packaging shape, size etc Promotion (discuss primary comms strategy) Depends upon several factors such as cost incurred in marketing, advertising etc Outlets are used to attract the target market, retail channels are used Quality packaging with safe and sustainable way, Packaging in a pillow bag Promotion by advertising, social media and website Brand elements Brand logo (promise) Brand attributes logo/colours Brand personality to provide great testing and high quality products to provide pleasure to the customers High quality chocolates in the high quality shell Dark brown colour on the chocolates with the logo of Mars in written format Fun loving and easy going Communications elements Brand visuals/ad imagery Taglines Brand Values Committed in providing suitable and transparent information about products. A Mars a day helps you work, rest and play, and Mars your day Quality, responsibility, freedom, mutuality, and freedom (Hoovers, Inc. (2012). Summary From the above analysis, it is observed that Cadbury is the famous brand for every customer. The consumers of all age group like the taste of Cadbury chocolates. By the brand audit of the Cadbury marvelous creation, it is observed that the brand uses psychographic segmentation to target the customers who are children. Although competitors provide similar types of products in terms of chocolates to the customers but still, for every occasion or celebration, Cadbury marvelous creation is the first choice of the customers. By providing the combination of the Jelly popping candy and Cookie Nut crunch, Cadbury has placed its unique image among the customers in all over the world. References Bhasin, H. (2016). Marketing mix of Nestle Nestle marketing mix. Retrieved on 27th March 2017 from https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-mix-nestle/ Brassington, F., Pettitt, S. (2003). Principles of Marketing. (3rd). Pearson Education/Prentice-Hall, NewYork, NY Haseeb. (2016). Marketing Plan of Cadbury, Retrieved on 27th March 2017 from https://marketingdawn.com/marketing-plan-of-cadbury/ Hoovers, Inc. (2012). Mars, Incorporated Marketing. Retrieved on 27th March 2017 from https://www.hoovers.com/company-information/cs/competition.Mars_Incorporated.4c766e2dbbb595a 9.html IPA, (2012). Cadbury Dairy Milk: A meetha journey. Retrieved on 27th March 2017 from file:///C:/Users/Guest/Downloads/cadbury-dairy-milk-2012.pdf Kerin, R. A., Hartley, S. W., Ridelius, W. (2013). Marketing. (11th). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin Nestle. (2017). Nestl Packaging. Retrieved on 27th March 2017 from https://www.nestle.com.au/aboutus/home/nestle-packaging-policy Reynolds, J., (2013). Dairy Milk launches Marvellous Creations brand extension. Retrieved on 27th March 2017 from https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/dairy-milk-launches-marvellous-creations-brand-extension/1175914 The economist, (2010). Cadbury Dairy Milk 2011 communication campaign by YPB. Retrieved on 27th March 2017 from https://www.efolio.soton.ac.uk/blog/pd7g10_mang6184/2011/01/20/cadbury-dairy-milk-2011-communication-campaign-by-ypb/