For Years, Philosophers Have Debated The Mind-Body Problem,

For years, philosophers have debated the mind-body problem, the issue of what mental phenomena are and how they relate to the physical world. Philosopher Descartes believed in substance dualism, the belief that the mind and the body are two different things. In this essay, I will examine Descartes’ substance dualism theory. First, I will review Descartes’s theory and reasons that support it. Then, I will review objections with Descartes’s argument. After that, I will imagine how Descartes would respond to these objections. Finally, I will conclude with an overall assessment. Descartes’ substance dualism theory was formed in the seventeenth century when religion and science seemed to disapprove one another. Descartes eased the tension†¦show more content†¦Descartes also supports his substance dualism theory with the divisibility argument: if two things are the same, they must have the same properties; if two things have different properties, they a re not the same; if minds are not divisible into parts and bodies are divisible into parts, then minds and bodies do not have the same properties; therefore, the mind and body are distinct, and dualism is true. Since its introduction in the seventeenth century, the substance dualism theory has explained how the mind can be separate from the body through different supported arguments. Although Descartes’ substance dualism theory has arguments that support it, it also has arguments that disprove it. Philosophers have criticized Descartes’ conceivability argument because the mind existing without the body is doubtful. Philosopher Theodore Shick, Jr. states that if everyone had only a mind but not a body, we would only be able to think and feel; we would not be able to do any physical activities. We could possibly talk to one another with a special device, but we would find difficulty in determining who we are communicating with because we would not have any distinct physi cal features. Therefore, living withoutShow MoreRelatedEssay about Monism vs Dualism1001 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;For centuries philosophers have debated on monism and dualism, two different philosophical views of the human person. Philosophers have been trying to decipher whether the person is made up of the mind, the body, or both. Monists hold the belief that existence is purely based upon one ultimate â€Å"category of being† this means that either the person is made up of only the body or only the mind (Morris p155). Dualists hold the belief that existence is based upon the body as well as the mind and its mentalRead More Rene Descartes Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pageshis contributions to reflex theory, helping describe the mind-body problem, and challenging accepted theological ideas. An automaton is a mechanical robot that can be defined as a machine that moves itself. Descartes believed that humans and animals moved and acted in the same fashion of the automatons. A hydraulic system is how Descartes explained movements in humans: the brain pushed fluid from the brain through the nerves to our body causing humans to move (Bolles 25-30). After his death, scientistRead MoreLife after Death, Reincarnation, Resurrection and Immortality of the Soul1735 Words   |  7 Pageslife after death has been promised to humans by an all powerful[1] There are many views of life after death in particular which have been much adhered to and much discussed by philosophers. This essay will attempt to put forward some of the key ideas and arguments for and against life after death. One view of life after death does have a venerable philosophical history. It can be found in Platos Phaedo. Here we are presented with the figure of Socrates who is aboutRead MoreWhat is a Person? Essay962 Words   |  4 Pagesridiculously simple that one may feel that it is unnecessary to even supply a verbal answer. I am, obviously, a human being, a person. However, when using this label person to describe myself, I am hurling myself into one of philosophys most heavily debated topics since the existence of mankind. The primary task when dealing philosophically with person, or self, is to clarify what exactly the term embodies and represents. As Taylor said, Selves are, indeed, about the strangest inhabitants of natureRead MoreDifferent Philosophers, Nicolo Machiavelli And Thomas Hobbes1326 Words   |  6 Pagesthousands of years, philosophers have debated whether we have a basically good nature that is corrupted by society, or a basically bad nature that is kept in check by society. Human beings are highly social creatures. Because of this we are intensely interested in what others are doing, and why. We need to know who is good and bad and therefore who we want to avoid and who we can tolerate. In this essay I will discuss the theme of human nature and compare the thoughts of two influential philosophers, NicoloRead More The Cloning Debate Essay1018 Words   |  5 Pages will only be able survive with a bone marrow transplant.   His parents will have searched near and far for a match, bu t none will come to their aid.   The only possible way that they can produce a perfect match for their sons bone marrow is to clone their son.   Unfortunately, at this time this topic is still being discussed and debated upon with the government.   Their only child that has been their treasure for six years might die.   A clone of their son becomes their apple of aspiration to keep theRead More Adam Smith Essay820 Words   |  4 Pagesis Adam Smith and after having read the assigned excerpts and a few other passages from his The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations I not only hold him in a new light, but I have arrived at three heavily debated conclusions. First, he believed that self-interest is the singular motivation that effectively leads to public prosperity. Second, although Smith feels that the oneamp;#8217;s pursuit of selfamp;#8211;interest should be their primaryRead MorePersonal Identity : The Vehicle Of Co nsciousness1384 Words   |  6 Pagesand personality traits to the extent of personal identity being present and maintained through space and time. Who am I? Individuals have a sense of who he or she is. For example, I am a male human who is 20 years old. I have blue eyes and brown hair. I have experiences and memories of past experiences. I have a collection of beliefs, ethics, memories that have given me a deep personality. Additionally, this deep personality gives us character traits, such as being funny, that those I interactRead MoreA Solution to the Mind-Body Problem2685 Words   |  11 PagesSearch for Solution to the Mind-Body Problem The distinction between mind and body has been philosophical fodder for millennia. In its simplest form, the mind-body problem seeks to answer the question: What is the relationship between the mind and body? Philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists alike have crafted various theories in attempt to comprehend the place of thought, feeling, and self-understanding in the natural world. The first investigations into the relationship between mentalRead MoreHuman Nature And Ethics : Abortion Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pages11-16-16 Human Nature and Ethics Abortion Abortion, defined by Merriam Webster’s dictionary as, â€Å"the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus† is a highly discussed and debated topic. The subject has been particularly prevalent in the news recently due to the election of our 45th president and the debates leading up to it. The topic of full term abortions has been a particularly hot issue. However, for the sake of discussion

Bp Plc And Civil Society - 1189 Words

BP PLC and Civil Society BP p.l.c understands that society continues to have a high expectation from companies, specifically coming from media and political figures. BP p.l.c published their 2013 annual report that reads, â€Å"We are also seeing that society has ever higher expectations of business. This is reflected in the increasing scrutiny placed on the commercial sector, particularly by politicians and the media. Companies must work hard to maintain people’s trust and respect† (BP p.l.c, 2013, p.6). BP p.l.c publishing the quotation stated above indicates the fact that they believe in being honest and transparent, as they want to gain the respect and trust from the civil society. The report also discusses the matter of how essential†¦show more content†¦This funding would be allocated towards scientific research through the Gulf of Mexico research initiative. The entire purpose of this funding for research is to â€Å" improve society’s ability to understand, respond to a nd mitigate the potential impacts of oil spills to marine and coastal ecosystems. As at 31 December 2013, the aggregate contribution by BP was $169 million.† (BP p.l.c, 2013, p.38) BP p.l.c is committed to improving life of civilians as the company’s research is going towards society’s needs it helps society to understand, respond and act in such a way to make the situation less problematic than it seems, benefitting everyone in the long run. BP p.l.c has various locations all around the world, in developed and developing countries. (BP p.l.c, BP worldwide). Establishing locations in developing country benefits the society has there will be more employment available, and with more purchasing power of individuals in developing countries, the economic growth in society will increase. BP p.l.c has a strong relation to civil society as the company itself relies on society to help enable daily operations. In addition, the company brings forth research that benefits s ociety that has been affected by oil spill in Gulf of Mexico, helping them understands, respond, and make the situation from disastrous to a little less problematic. Lastly, BP p.l.c brings an

Bloodlines Chapter Fourteen Free Essays

string(53) " was just part of Adrian’s innate personality\." â€Å"FROM HIMSELF?† I couldn’t help it. The joke was out before I could stop it. â€Å"No. We will write a custom essay sample on Bloodlines Chapter Fourteen or any similar topic only for you Order Now † She perched on the edge of the bed and bit her lower lip. â€Å"Maybe ‘rescue’ isn’t the right word. But we have to go get him. He’s trapped in Los Angeles.† I rubbed my eyes as I sat up and then waited a few moments, just in case this was all a dream. Nope. Nothing changed. I picked up my cell phone from my bedside table and groaned when I read the display. â€Å"Jill, it’s not even six yet.† I started to question if Adrian was even awake this early but then remembered he was probably on a nocturnal schedule. Left to their own devices, Moroi went to bed around what was late morning for the rest of us. â€Å"I know,† she said in a small voice. â€Å"I’m sorry. I wouldn’t ask if it wasn’t important. He got a ride there last night because he wanted to see those†¦ those Moroi girls again. Lee was supposed to be in LA too, so Adrian figured he could get a ride home. Only, he can’t get ahold of Lee, so now he can’t get back. Adrian, that is. He’s stranded and hung over.† I started to lie back down. â€Å"I don’t have a lot of sympathy for that. Maybe he’ll learn a lesson.† â€Å"Sydney, please.† I put an arm over my eyes. Maybe if I looked like I was asleep, she’d leave me alone. A question suddenly popped into my head, and I jerked my arm away. â€Å"How do you know any of this? Did he call?† I wasn’t a super-light sleeper, but I still would’ve heard her phone ring. Jill looked away from me. Frowning, I sat up. â€Å"Jill? How do you know any of this?† â€Å"Please,† she whispered. â€Å"Can’t we just go get him?† â€Å"Not until you tell me what’s going on.† A weird feeling was crawling along my skin. I’d felt for a while that I was being excluded from something big, and now, I suddenly knew I was about to find out what the Moroi had been hiding from me. â€Å"You can’t tell,† she said, finally meeting my eyes again. I tapped the tattoo on my cheek. â€Å"I can hardly tell anyone anything as it is.† â€Å"No, not anyone. Not the Alchemists. Not Keith. Not any other Moroi or dhampirs who don’t already know.† Not tell the Alchemists? That would be a problem. Among all the other craziness in my life, no matter how much my assignments infuriated me or how much time I’d spent with vampires, I’d never questioned who my loyalty was to. I had to tell the Alchemists if something was going on with Jill and the others. It was my duty to them, to humanity. Of course, part of my duty to the Alchemists was looking after Jill, and whatever was plaguing her now obviously was connected to her welfare. For half a second, I considered lying to her and immediately dismissed the idea. I couldn’t do it. If I was going to keep her secret, I would keep it. If I wasn’t going to keep it, then I would let her know up front. â€Å"I won’t tell,† I said. I think the words surprised me as much as her. She studied me in the dim light and must have at last decided I was telling the truth. She gave a slow nod. â€Å"Adrian and I are bound. Like, with a spirit bond.† I felt my eyes widen in disbelief. â€Å"How did that – † Everything suddenly clicked together, the missing pieces. â€Å"The attack. You – you – â€Å" â€Å"Died,† said Jill bluntly. â€Å"There was so much confusion when the Moroi assassins came. Everyone thought they were coming for Lissa, so most of the guardians went to surround her. Eddie was the only one who came for me, but he wasn’t fast enough. This man, he†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Jill touched a spot in the center of her chest and shuddered. â€Å"He stabbed me. He†¦ he killed me. That’s when Adrian came along. He used spirit to heal me and bring me back, and now we’re bound. Everything happened so fast. No one there even realized what he did.† My mind was reeling. A spirit bond. Spirit was a troubling element to the Alchemists, mostly because we had so few records of it. Our world was documents and knowledge, so any gap made us feel weak. Signs of spirit use had been recorded over the centuries, but no one had really realized it was its own element. Those events had been written off as random magical phenomena. It was only recently, when Vasilisa Dragomir had exposed herself, that spirit had been rediscovered, along with its myriad psychic effects. She and Rose had had a spirit bond, the only modern one we had documented. Healing was one of spirit’s most notable attributes, and Vasilisa had brought Rose back from a car accident. It had forged a psychic connection between them, one that had only been shattered when Rose had had a second near-death experience. â€Å"You can see in his head,† I breathed. â€Å"His thoughts. His feelings.† So much began to come together. Like how Jill always knew everything about Adrian, even when he claimed he hadn’t told her. She nodded. â€Å"I don’t want to. Believe me. But I can’t help it. Rose said in time, I’ll learn the control to keep his feelings out, but I can’t do it now. And he has so much, Sydney. So much feeling. He feels everything so strongly – love, grief, anger. His emotions are up and down, all over the place. What happened between him and Rose†¦ it tears him apart. It’s hard to stay focused on me sometimes with all of that going on in him. At least it’s only some of the time. I can’t really control when it happens.† I didn’t say it but wondered if some of those volatile feelings were part of spirit’s tendency to drive its users insane. Or maybe it was just part of Adrian’s innate personality. You read "Bloodlines Chapter Fourteen" in category "Essay examples" All irrelevant, for now. â€Å"But he can’t feel you, right? It’s only one way?† I asked. Rose had been able to read Vasilisa’s thoughts and see her experiences in everyday life – but not the other way around. I assumed it was the same now, but with spirit, one couldn’t take anything for granted. â€Å"Right,† she agreed. â€Å"That’s how†¦ that’s how you always know things about him. Like my visits. And when he wanted pizza. That’s why he’s here, what Abe wanted him here for.† Jill frowned. â€Å"Abe? No, it was kind of a group choice for Adrian to come along. Rose and Lissa thought it would be best if we were together while we were getting used to the bond, and I wanted him nearby too. What made you think Abe was involved?† â€Å"Er, nothing,† I said. Abe instructing Adrian to stay at Clarence’s must not have been something Jill observed. â€Å"I was just mixed up about something.† â€Å"Can we go now?† she begged. â€Å"I answered your questions.† â€Å"Let me make sure I understand something first,† I said. â€Å"Explain how he ended up in Los Angeles and why he’s stuck.† Jill clasped her hands together and looked away again, a habit I was coming to associate with when she had information that she knew wasn’t going to be received well. â€Å"He, um, left Clarence’s last night. Because he was bored. He hitchhiked into town – to Palm Springs – and ended up partying with some people who were going to LA. So, he went with them. And while he was in a club, he found those girls – some Moroi girls – and so he went home with them. And then he spent the night and kind of passed out. Until now. Now he’s awake. And he wants to go home. To Clarence’s.† With all this talk of clubbing and girls, an unsettling thought was building in my mind. â€Å"Jill, just how much of that did you actually experience?† She was still avoiding my gaze. â€Å"It’s not important.† â€Å"It is to me,† I said. The night Jill had woken in tears†¦ that had been when Adrian was with those girls too. Was she living his sex life? â€Å"What was he thinking? He knows you’re there, that you’re living everything he does, but he never stops to – oh God. The first day of school. Ms. Chang was right, wasn’t she? You were hung over. Vicariously, at least.† And almost every other morning, she woke up feeling semi-sick – because Adrian was hung over too. Jill nodded. â€Å"There was nothing physical they could’ve tested – like blood or anything – to prove that’s what it was, but yeah. I might as well have had one. I certainly felt like it. It was awful.† I reached out and turned her face toward mine so that she had to look at me. â€Å"And you are now too.† There was more light in the room as the sun rose higher, and I could see the signs again. The sickly paleness and bloodshot eyes. I wouldn’t have been surprised if her head and stomach hurt too. I dropped my hand and shook my head in disgust. â€Å"He can stay there.† â€Å"Sydney!† â€Å"He deserves it. I know you feel†¦ something†¦ for him.† Whether it was sisterly or romantic affection, it really didn’t matter. â€Å"But you can’t baby him and run to every need and request he sends to you.† â€Å"He’s not asking me, not exactly,† she said. â€Å"I can just feel that he wants it.† â€Å"Well, he should’ve thought of that before he got himself into this mess. He can figure out his own way back.† â€Å"His cell phone died.† â€Å"He can borrow one from his new ‘friends.'† â€Å"He’s in agony,† she said. â€Å"That’s how life is,† I said. â€Å"I’m in agony.† I sighed. â€Å"Jill – â€Å" â€Å"No, I’m serious. And it’s not just the hangover. I mean, yeah, part of it’s the hangover. And as long as he’s sick and not taking anything, then so am I! Plus†¦ his thoughts. Ugh.† Jill rested her forehead in her hands. â€Å"I can’t get rid of how unhappy he is. It’s like†¦ like a hammer banging in my head. I can’t get away from it. I can’t do anything else except think about how miserable he is! And that makes me miserable. Or think I’m miserable. I don’t know.† She sighed. â€Å"Please, Sydney. Can we go?† â€Å"Do you know where he is?† I asked. â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"All right, then. I’ll go.† I slid over to the edge of the bed. She stood up with me. â€Å"I’ll come too.† â€Å"No,† I said. â€Å"You go back to bed. Take some aspirin and see if you can make yourself feel better.† I also had a few things I wanted to say to Adrian in private. Admittedly, if she was constantly connected to him, she’d â€Å"overhear† our conversation, but it’d be a lot easier to tell him what I wanted to when she wasn’t actually there in the flesh, looking at me with those big eyes. â€Å"But how will you – â€Å" â€Å"I don’t want you getting sick in the car. Just call me if something changes or if he leaves or whatever.† Jill’s further protests were halfhearted, either because she didn’t feel up to them or was just willing to be grateful for anyone â€Å"rescuing† Adrian. She didn’t have an exact address, but she had a very vivid description of the condo he was at, which was right next door to a notable hotel. When I looked it up, I saw the hotel was actually in Long Beach, meaning I’d have to go past Los Angeles proper. I had a two-hour drive ahead of me. Coffee would be required. It was a pretty day, at least, and there was almost no traffic out so early on a Sunday. Looking at the sun and blue skies, I kept thinking about how nice it would be if I were making this drive in a convertible, with the top down. It would also be nice if I had been making this drive for any other reason besides retrieving a stranded vampire party boy. I was still having a hard time wrapping my mind around the idea that Jill and Adrian were spirit bound. The notion of someone bringing another back from the dead was not one that meshed well with my religious beliefs. It was just as troubling as another of spirit’s feats: restoring Strigoi. We had two documented cases of that happening too, two Strigoi magically changed by spirit users back to their original form. One was a woman named Sonya Karp. The other was Dimitri Belikov. Between that and all this resurrection, spirit was really starting to freak me out. That much power just didn’t seem right. I reached Long Beach right on schedule and had no problem finding the condo complex. It was right across the street from an oceanfront hotel called the Cascadia. Since Jill hadn’t called with a change of location, I assumed Adrian was still holed up. Street parking was easy to find at this time of day, and I paused outside to stare at the blue-gray expanse of the Pacific on the western horizon. It was breathtaking, especially after my first week in the desert of Palm Springs. I almost wished Jill had come. Maybe being near so much water would have made her feel better. The condos were in a peach stucco building with three floors, two units on each floor. From Adrian’s memories, Jill remembered going to the top of the building and turning right. I retraced those steps and came to a blue door with a heavy brass knocker. I knocked. When no answer came after almost a minute, I tried again more loudly. I was nearly on the verge of a third attempt when I heard the lock unclick. The door opened a crack, and a girl peeked out. She was clearly Moroi, with a skinny runway model build and pale, perfect skin that seemed particularly irritating today, considering I was pretty sure a pimple was going to break out on my forehead soon. She was my age, maybe a little older, with sleek black hair and deep blue eyes. She looked like some otherworldly doll. She was also half-asleep. â€Å"Yeah?† She looked me over. â€Å"Are you selling something?† Next to this tall, perfect Moroi, I suddenly felt self-conscious and frumpy in my linen skirt and button-down top. â€Å"Is Adrian here?† â€Å"Who?† â€Å"Adrian. Tall. Brown hair. Green eyes.† She frowned. â€Å"Do you mean Jet?† â€Å"I†¦ I’m not sure. Does he smoke like a chimney?† The girl nodded sagely. â€Å"Yup. You must mean Jet.† She glanced behind her and yelled, â€Å"Hey, Jet! There’s some saleswoman here to see you.† â€Å"Send her out,† called a familiar voice. The Moroi opened the door wider and beckoned me in. â€Å"He’s on the balcony.† I walked through a living room that served as a cautionary tale of what would ever happen if Jill and I lost all sense of housekeeping and self-respect. The place was a disaster. A girl disaster. Laundry piles littered the floor, and dirty dishes covered every square inch that wasn’t occupied by empty beer bottles. A knocked-over bottle of nail polish had created a bubblegum pink splotch on the carpet. On the couch, tangled in blankets, a blond Moroi girl peered at me drowsily and then went back to sleep. Stepping around everything, I made my way to Adrian through a patio door. He stood on a balcony, leaning against its railing, his back to me. The morning air was warm and clear, so naturally, he was trying to ruin it by smoking. â€Å"Tell me this, Sage,† he said, without turning back to face me. â€Å"Why the hell would someone put a building near the beach but not have the balconies face the water? They were built to look at hills behind us. Unless the neighbors start doing something interesting, I’m ready to declare this structure a total waste.† I crossed my arms and glared at his back. â€Å"I’m so glad I’ve got your valuable opinion on that. I’ll be sure and note it when I file my complaint to the city council for their inadequate ocean views.† He turned around, the hint of a smile twisting his lips. â€Å"What are you doing here? I figured you’d be in church or something.† â€Å"What do you think? I’m here because of the pleas of a fifteen-year-old girl who doesn’t deserve what you put her through.† Any trace of a smile vanished. â€Å"Oh. She told you.† He turned back around. â€Å"Yes, and you all should have told me sooner! This is serious†¦ monumental.† â€Å"And no doubt something the Alchemists would love to study.† I could envision his sneer perfectly. â€Å"I promised her I wouldn’t tell. But you still should’ve filled me in. It’s kind of important information to have since I’m the one who has to babysit all of you.† ‘†Babysit’ is kind of an extreme term, Sage.† â€Å"Considering the current scenario? No, not really.† Adrian said nothing, and I gave him a quick assessment. He wore high-quality, dark-washed jeans and a red cotton shirt that must have been slept in, judging from the wrinkles. His feet were bare. â€Å"Did you bring a coat?† I asked. â€Å"No.† I went back inside and did a search among the clutter. The blond Moroi girl was fast asleep, and the one who’d let me in was sprawled on an unmade bed in another room. I finally found Adrian’s socks and shoes tossed in a corner. I rushed to retrieve them, then headed back outside and dropped them next to him on the balcony. â€Å"Put those on. We’re leaving.† â€Å"You aren’t my mom.† â€Å"No, yours is serving a sentence for perjury and theft, if memory serves.† It was a mean, mean thing to say, but it was also the truth. And it got his attention. Adrian’s head whipped around. Anger glinted in the depths of his green eyes, the first I’d ever truly seen in him. â€Å"Don’t you ever mention her again. You have no idea what you’re talking about.† His anger was a little intimidating, but I held my ground. â€Å"Actually, I was the one in charge of tracking down the records she stole.† â€Å"She had her reasons,† he said through gritted teeth. â€Å"You’re so willing to defend someone who was convicted of a crime, yet you don’t have any consideration for Jill – who’s done nothing.† â€Å"I have plenty of consideration for her!† He paused to light a cigarette with trembling hands, and I suspected he was also trying to get a grip on his emotions. â€Å"I think about her all the time. How could I not? She’s there†¦ I can’t feel it, but she’s always there, always listening to things in my head, listening to things I don’t even want to hear. Feeling things I don’t want to feel.† He inhaled on the cigarette and turned to look at the view, though I doubted he actually saw it. â€Å"If you’re so aware of her, then how come you do stuff like this?† I gestured around us. â€Å"How could you drink when you know it affects her too? How could you do† – I grimaced – â€Å"whatever you did with those girls, knowing she could ‘see’ it? She’s fifteen.† â€Å"I know, I know,† he said. â€Å"I didn’t know about the drinking – not at first. When she came over after school and told me that day, I stopped. I really did. But then†¦ when you guys were over on Friday, she told me to go ahead since it was the weekend. I guess she wasn’t as worried about getting sick. So, I said to myself, ‘I’ll just have a couple.’ Only last night, it turned into more than that. And then things got kind of crazy, and I ended up here and – what am I doing? I don’t have to justify my actions to you.† â€Å"I don’t think you can justify them to anyone.† I was furious, my blood boiling. â€Å"You’re one to talk, Sage.† He pointed an accusing finger. â€Å"At least I take action. You? You let the world go by without you. You stand there while that asshole Keith treats you like crap and just smile and nod. You have no spine. You don’t fight back. Even old Abe seems to push you around. Was Rose right that he’s got something on you? Or is he just someone else you won’t fight back against?† I worked hard not to let him know just how deeply those words struck me. â€Å"You don’t know the first thing about me, Adrian Ivashkov. I fight back plenty.† â€Å"You could’ve fooled me.† I gave him a tight smile. â€Å"I just don’t make a spectacle of myself when I do it. It’s called being responsible.† â€Å"Sure. Whatever helps you sleep at night.† I threw up my hands. â€Å"Well, that’s the thing: I don’t sleep at night anymore because I have to come save you from your own idiocy. Can we leave now? Please?† As an answer, he put out the cigarette and began putting on his socks and shoes. He looked up at me as he did, the anger totally gone. His moods were changed as easily as flipping a light switch. â€Å"You have to get me out of there. Out of Clarence’s.† His voice was level and serious. â€Å"He’s a nice enough guy, but I’m going to go crazy if I stay there.† â€Å"As opposed to your excellent behavior when you aren’t there?† I glanced back into the condo. â€Å"Maybe your two groupies have room for you.† â€Å"Hey, show some respect. They’re real people with names. Carla and Krissy.† He frowned. â€Å"Or was it Missy?† I sighed. â€Å"I told you before, I don’t have any control over your living arrangement. How hard is it for you to go get your own place? Why do you need me?† â€Å"Because I have almost no money, Sage. My old man cut me off. He gives me an allowance that’s barely enough for cigarettes.† I considered suggesting he quit, but that probably wouldn’t be a useful turn in the conversation. â€Å"I’m sorry. I really am. If I think of something, I’ll let you know. Besides, doesn’t Abe want you to stay there?† I decided to come clean. â€Å"I overheard you two on the first day. How he wanted you to do something for him.† Adrian straightened up, shoes secured. â€Å"Yeah, I don’t know what that’s all about. Did you hear how totally vague he was too? I think he’s just trying to screw with me, keep me busy because somewhere in that messed-up heart of his, he feels bad about what happened with – â€Å" Adrian shut his mouth, but I could hear the unspoken name: Rose. A terrible sadness crossed his features, and his eyes looked lost and haunted. I remembered when I’d been in the car with Jill, and she’d slipped into a tirade about Rose, about how the memory of her tormented Adrian. Knowing what I knew now about the bond, I had a feeling there’d been very little of Jill in those words. That had been a direct line to Adrian. Looking at him, I could barely understand the scope of that pain, nor did I know how to help. I just knew that I suddenly understood a tiny bit better why he would want to drown his sorrows so much, not that that made it any healthier. â€Å"Adrian,† I said awkwardly, â€Å"I’m – â€Å" â€Å"Forget it,† he said. â€Å"You don’t know what it’s like to love someone like that, then to have that love thrown back in your face – â€Å" An ear-splitting scream suddenly pierced the air. Adrian flinched more than me, proving the downside of vampire hearing: annoying sounds were that much more annoying. As one, we hurried back inside the condo. The blond girl was sitting upright on the couch, as startled as we were. The other girl, the one who had let me in, stood in the doorway to the bedroom, pale as death, a cell phone clutched in her hand. â€Å"What’s the matter?† I asked. She opened her mouth to speak and then did a double take at me, seeming to remember that I was human. â€Å"It’s okay, Carla,† said Adrian. â€Å"She knows about us. You can trust her.† That was all Carla needed. She threw herself into Adrian’s arms and began crying uncontrollably. â€Å"Oh, Jet,† she said between sobs. â€Å"I can’t believe it happened to her. How did this happen?† â€Å"What happened?† asked the other Moroi girl, rising unsteadily to her feet. Like Adrian, she looked like she’d slept in her clothes. I dared to hope that Jill hadn’t been subjected to as much as indecency as I’d originally imagined. â€Å"Tell us what happened, Carla,† said Adrian in a gentle voice I’d only ever heard him use around with Jill. â€Å"I’m Krissy,† she sniffed. â€Å"And our friend – our friend.† She wiped at her eyes as more tears came to her eyes. â€Å"I just got the call. Our friend – another Moroi who goes to our college – she’s dead.† Krissy looked up at the other girl, whom I guessed was Carla now. â€Å"It was Melody. She was killed by Strigoi last night.† Carla gasped and began crying, triggering more tears from Krissy. I met Adrian’s eyes, both of us aghast. Even if we had no idea who this Melody was, a Strigoi killing was still a terrible, tragic thing. Immediately, my Alchemist mind kicked into action. I needed to make sure the crime scene was secure and the murder kept secret from humans. â€Å"Where?† I asked. â€Å"Where did it happen?† â€Å"West Hollywood,† said Carla. â€Å"Out behind some club.† I relaxed a little, though I was still shaken by the tragedy of it all. That was a busy, populated region, one that would definitely be on the Alchemists’ radar. If any humans had found out, the Alchemists would have long since taken care of it. â€Å"At least they didn’t turn her,† said Carla forlornly. â€Å"She can rest in peace. Of course, those monsters still couldn’t rest without mutilating her body.† I stared, feeling cold all over. â€Å"What do you mean?† She rubbed her nose on Adrian’s shirt. â€Å"Melody. They didn’t just drink from her. They slit her throat too.† How to cite Bloodlines Chapter Fourteen, Essay examples

Effects of Service Quality on Program Performance-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Service Quality on Program Performance and Delivery at UNICEF in Malawi. Answer: Introduction This study will examine the effect on service quality on program performance and delivery at UNICEF in Malawi. This report will propose a systematic approach of measuring, monitoring, tracking and improving the efficiency of service quality in programs at UNICEF. UNICEF delivers valuable aids and medicines to children in grief stricken areas so improvement in supply chain is essential for catering to all the needs of the children on time. Problem definition Malawi has been going through nutrition and food crisis for a long time but the present scenario is the worst in the past decade where the majority of the population is trying to survive on less than 1$ per day (Unicef.org 2016). In Malawi, 4 million children have been affected due to the El Nino and the devastating flood right after it affected the whole country. Therefore, the traditional food producing zones have been highly affected by these natural calamities, which stated that more than 30% of the population would be going through a state of food crisis (Unicef.org 2016). UNICEF has been quick to respond to the humanitarian needs of the population that is at risk. These include prevention of malnutrition and outbreak of diseases such as cholera. Therefore, it is essential for UNICEF to develop an efficient supply and logistics system so that timely delivery of aids can reach the affected the population (Unicef.org 2018). UNICEF handles projects of huge magnitude which affected by obstacles at regular intervals. Therefore, providing affected areas with better service quality can save more lives, which will require improved measuring, tracking and monitoring capabilities. Research aim and objective The research has aimed to examine the present logistics and supply chain management in UNICEF so that an improved system can be proposed which will be able to measure, monitor and track the packages in more effective way. Objectives To identify the impact of service quality on the UNICEF programs in Malawi To examine the current logistics and supply management system in UNICEF To identify the drawbacks in the supply chain management process To recommend improvements on the current supply chain and management system Research hypothesis H10: Service quality has no impact on the programs in UNICEF H11: Service quality has impact on the programs in UNICEF H20: Supply Chain and logistics does not have impact on Service quality at UNICEF H21: Supply Chain and logistics does have impact on Service quality at UNICEF Research Questions What is the impact of service quality on the UNICEF programs in Malawi? What is the current logistics and supply management system in UNICEF? What are the drawbacks in the supply chain and logistics management process? Literature review As stated by Wisner, Tan and Leong (2014), service quality is has a great impact on the success of the programs developed by any organization. Supply chain and logistic is a crucial part of the organization, which will have a greater significance in the organizational context. According to Siham et al. (2015), effective supply chain management is essential for providing high of service in an industry. The advancement of technology has changed the use of logistics and supply chain. In case of business organizations, increasing their operation efficiency increases their profit margin. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the supply chain procedures facilitates in measuring and tracking of the products shipped. The credibility of the organization depends on the timely delivery of the products and the quality of the product received. It may happen during the transportation phase, the products have been damaged; this could lead to bad reputation and decrement service quality. However, in c ase of large-scale nonprofit organizations the importance of improving their logistics is high as human lives are at stake in this scenario. Therefore, one late delivery or improper delivery of supplies could lead to the death of thousand civilians suffering from natural and man- made calamities. As stated by Oelze (2016), it easier for business organization to improve their supply chain management, as they do not have to deal with uncertainties and emergencies at frequent intervals. The nonprofit organizations may work on projects on long duration of time but they will never be able to predict that there will be a natural disaster in a particular country at a given point of time. Therefore, developing the best possible supply chain is necessary so that they will be able to reach these grief stricken areas as soon as possible. The delay in reaching these areas will increase the number of casualty and improving the supply chain processes and tool is absolute necessary. However, other support activities will be necessary for improving the overall operations of ay organization. These activities are finance, administration, HR, ICT and Quality Assurance. As stated by Heizer (2016), effective administration and human resource management is essential for gaining competitive advantage. This will include the job analysis, employee relationship and administrative services. The database of the employees and other activities are managed by the human resource operations. Information communication and technology provides the manager with effective about all the operational activities. This enables the managers to take effective decisions and be aware of the different activities processes. According to Konieczka and Namiesnik (2016), quality assurance is crucial for maintaining the quality of the products offered by the organization. Quality assurance is a preventive measure, which is used for avoiding product and service defects during delivery of products. Th is requires development of effective quality system, which will monitor the quality of the products and services offered. Therefore, quality assurance will focus on the process output so that quality of the product can be measured and controlled. As opined by Mahadevan (2015), strong finance ensures that organization has access to all its resources. In order to maintain this large infrastructure for supporting the operations support from the finance department. This include developing budget for the activities both primary and support activities within the organization. Methodology Methodology is the systematic way of collecting raw data and converting it into meaningful data. There are two types of research, one is fundamental and other is applied research (Best and Kahn 2016). This study is applied research where it deals with a specific problem related to a particular organization. The management of UNICEF to make improvements in the supply chain and logistics can use the findings of this study. Research philosophy identifies the different methods used in conducting the study. The four philosophies in research are interpretivism, positivism, pragmatism and realism (Flick 2015). In this present study, pragmatism is the philosophy selected for the research. Pragmatism accepts all the frameworks and postulates if they are supported by relevant evidence. According to pragmatism, there are multiple realities and there are different ways of interpreting a particular issue. Pragmatism will assist in conducting mixed method analysis. There are three types of research approaches and they are inductive, abductive and deductive. The approach used in this study is deductive approach as this is a conclusive study where the purpose and conclusion of the study has already been decided. The deductive approach will facilitate in testing the hypotheses formulated which means the existing theories developed in the literature review will be validated using this approach. As this is a mixed method analysis, sequential explanatory is the research design, which means that initially quantitative analysis of data will be conducted, and then qualitative analysis will be conducted for supporting the results in quantitative analysis (Creswell and Poth 2017). The data collecting method consist of both primary and secondary analysis of data where primary data will be used for conducting the quantitative and qualitative analysis. Secondary data will be collected from journals, articles and web articles to develop the literature review (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). In primary data analysis, both close ended and open-ended questionnaires will be used for collecting the data. Data analysis will consist of quantitative and qualitative analysis of collected data. The quantitative analysis will consist of analysis of data using statistical tools such as Ms excel where the frequency of respondents will be represented through graphs and charts. Regression analysis will be conducted for identifying the degree and nature of relationship between both the variables (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). The quantitative questions will be asked to the lower level employees in UNICEF. The qualitative analysis will analyze the patterns within the answers to provide a different dimension to the study. The qualitative analysis will consist of questions asked to the mid level managers dealing with activities within UNICEF. Sampling is the method of selecting population sample for the total population. The two sampling methods are probabilistic sampling and non-probabilistic sampling (Bryman and Bell 2015). In this study, probabilistic sampling method will be used in quantitative analysis where randomization is the basis for selecting sample size. A survey will be conducted for 300 employees and then 100 samples will be selected using simple random sampling for representing the overall population. In qualitative analysis, non-probabilistic sampling will be used as the sample size is small. The mid level managers of the organizations will be asked open ended question where the numbers of respondents are 5. Reliability is the method of identifying the accuracy and precision of the methods used in the research. In this study, pilot test will be conducted where sample questions will be sent out to respondents for their feedback. On the other, the test rated reliability will be used identifying the accuracy of the methods (Einstein 2014). On the other hand, validity will be tested using construct validity where the different methods and instrument used will be examined. Research ethics aims to protect the rights of the participants in the study. In this study, maintaining the anonymity of the respondent will be a top priority so that their privacy can be maintained. The respondents will be made aware of the purpose and objectivity of the research so that they aware of the premises. Moreover, it will be made sure that none of the respondents have been forced to take part in the survey. Timeframe Main activities/ stages Week1 Week2 Week3 Week4 Week5 Week 6 Topic Selection Data collection from secondary sources Framing layout of the research Literature review Formation of the research Plan Selection of the Appropriate Research Techniques Primary data collection Analysis Interpretation of Data Collection Conclusion of the Study Formation of Rough Draft Submission of Final Work Conclusion Therefore, it will be inferred that effective supply chain management is essential for improving the quality of service in these programs. The above methods proposed if executed appropriately are expected to provide results having high degree of validity and reliability. References Best, J.W. and Kahn, J.V., 2016.Research in education. Pearson Education India. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Creswell, J.W. and Poth, C.N., 2017.Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications. Einstein, A., 2014. Reliability and Validity.Rethinking Value-Added Models in Education: Critical Perspectives on Tests and Assessment-Based Accountability, p.131. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Heizer, J., 2016.Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. Konieczka, P. and Namiesnik, J., 2016.Quality assurance and quality control in the analytical chemical laboratory: a practical approach. CRC Press. Mahadevan, B., 2015.Operations management: Theory and practice. Pearson Education India. Oelze, N., Hoejmose, S.U., Habisch, A. and Millington, A., 2016. Sustainable development in supply chain management: The role of organizational learning for policy implementation.Business Strategy and the Environment,25(4), pp.241-260. Sekaran, U. and Bougie, R., 2016.Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley Sons. Siham, L., Jean-Claude, B., Laurent, G., Yves, D. and Zied, J., 2015, May. Designing supply chain performance measurement and management systems: A systemic perspective. InAdvanced Logistics and Transport (ICALT), 2015 4th International Conference on(pp. 211-216). IEEE. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Unicef.org 2018.What we do. [online] Unicef.org. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/what-we-do [Accessed 22 Feb. 2018]. Unicef.org. 2016.UNICEF Humanitarian Action for Children - Malawi. [online] Available at: https://www.unicef.org/appeals/malawi.html [Accessed 22 Feb. 2018]. Wisner, J.D., Tan, K.C. and Leong, G.K., 2014.Principles of supply chain management: A balanced approach. Cengage Learning.

Autoimmune Disease Essays

Autoimmune Disease Essays Autoimmune Disease Essay Autoimmune Disease Essay In our bodies we have an immune system that helps us be protected by diseases and infections. Autoimmune disease is the exact opposite. It attacks itself by mistake and you can become ill. Autoimmune diseases affect your tissues as well as your nerves, endocrine system, muscles and digestive system. Autoimmune occur only in women in their childbearing years. The Autoimmune disease tends to run in the families. Your genes and immune system can respond to things in the environment. If you think you have autoimmune disease then ask your family members. There are many types of autoimmune diseases and is helpful to know a few of the common symptoms. Hasimoto’s thyroidtitis has tiredness, depression, dry hair, tough skin, and sensitivity to cold. Graves’ disease has insomnia, irritability, heat sensitivity, sweating, brittle hair and shaky hands. Multiple sclerosis has paralysis, tremors, numbness and tingling feeling. Rheumatoid arthritis has muscles pains, deformed joints, weakness, fatigue, and weightless. These can be diagnosed with blood tests and x-rays by your doctors. If you think you have Autoimmune disease it would be in your best advice to be tested by your physician and if you test positive for any of the Autoimmune systems, they will help you. Medication will help symptoms of Autoimmune disease. Different types of medication will vary with your symptoms. Mild Autoimmune diseased patients can take over the counter drugs while others with severe symptoms may be prescribed a drug. If you have autoimmune disease a few tips to feel better are by eating a healthy diet, regular exercise, rest, and reducing your stress. Remember that due to our advanced technology, there are many new treatments for this disease that are being studied at the time!

Pros and Cons of Ritalin (methylphenidate) as a treatment for ADHD

Pros and Cons of Ritalin (methylphenidate) as a treatment for ADHD Free Online Research Papers Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), is the most common behavioural disorder in children which is characterized by increased motor activity and reduced attention span (Levinthal, 2005: 104) , and is being diagnosed in about three out of five children ( Kidd, 2006;Levinthal, 2005: 104). It also occurs three times more in boys than girls and the severity of the symptoms is much worse (Levintal, 2005:104). Two thirds of school age children who have ADHD are diagnosed also with at least some other psychological disorder such as depression or anxiety, while forty to sixty percent of children whom have ADHD as a child, carry it on into adulthood (ibid). Thus, prevalence in adulthood is about three to four percent (Krause, Krause, Dresel, la Fougere, and Ackenheit, 2006). Treatment for ADHD consists of medication, usually stimulants and other non drug interventions. The most common medication used to treat ADHD is an amphetamine-like drug, methylphenidate (MPH) which is more commonly known as Ritalin (Levintal, 2005). This paper will discuss how Ritalin works on the body and the impact it has on different aspects of one’s life, academically and psychologically. The paper will then discuss the effectiveness of Ritalin as a medication compared to other drugs that are used to treat Tourette’s or Tic disorders. Thus, it will conclude with the effectiveness in children compared to adolescence and adults along with other treatment available for ADHD and its effectiveness compared to Ritalin. Ritalin, officially classified as a narcotic, is an amphetamine- like drug, thus used as a stimulant hence acting on the brain with a much slower onset similar to the effect of cocaine and amphetamines (Kidd, 2006). Ritalin raises levels of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline to aid in sharpening senses, yet it dulls the brain’s reaction to different distractions (Anon, 2006). Although it acts much slower on the brain, the duration of its effects is not long, leaving the administration of it occurring twice a day, one in the morning and once during the day at school or wherever the child is at. By nighttime, it allows the effect it has on blood levels in our body to decline, thus allowing one to sleep (Levintal, 2005). There are both pros and cons present when it comes to Ritalin being the choice medication to treat children with ADHD. Pros that are present are that by raising levels of noradrenaline, it reduces hyperactivity, thus allowing children with ADHD’s symptoms and signs to minimize (Anon, 2006). Cons that are present are that although methylphenidate has a quick onset, this along with having a short duration requires administration to occur a couple of times a day. When a child is in school all day, this requires the school to take on a role in administering this treatment (Levinthal, 2005). Another con of Ritalin as a medication is that it has many side effects including things like agitation, nervousness, panic, paranoid delusions; withdrawal from activities and routines, aggressiveness, and it also is being researched as a potentially carcinogenic drug (Kidd, 2006). An additional con is that as a stimulant it stunts growth through height and weight during the formative years, but not forever. It is typically solved when children stop taking medication for ADHD during breaks such as the summer. During this time, the medication isn’t needed due to not having to attain an attention span for a certain amount of time while in a classroom and with others (Levinthal, 2005). A further con is that there is a lot of controversy and research around developing tics, and its relationship with stimulant medications and the long term risk associated between the two ( Varley, Vincent, Varley and Calderon, 2001). An added con is that Ritalin is becoming a drug that is beginning to be abused especially by high school and postgraduate students for recreational usages and taking it to stay awake at night so they can study and do better in school. This is done by crushing the tablets and snorting them as would be done with cocaine (Levinthal, 2005). This doesn’t necessarily affect children with ADHD who are taking it, but more so the pharmaceutical component of having Ritalin as a prescribed medication, although it shows its abuse potential among those who take it for ADHD. Ritalin impacts children on different levels – developmentally as mentioned earlier, it suppresses growth spurts and weight gain during the years at which these are peak, yet when school is out for the summer, and children are off their medication because they no longer need to attain an attention span for a long period of time and don’t interact with so many people as much (Levinthal, 2005). On a cognitive/academic level, there was a study done that looked at children in grades one to two. It also looked at children who didn’t have ADHD in the same grade with similar features such as IQ levels, family status etc. The result showed that those whom have ADHD performed lower than the regular standards in school before medication, and then after medication their grades continued to drop. Thus, this is showing medication has not shown to have much effect upon academic performance (Frankenberger Cannon, 1999; Kidd, 2006). It is also because of other comorbidities such as anxiety, tics, and Tourette syndrome that prevent them for performing as well. Although they are classified with these disorders, this study emphasized that these students did not have a special program just to suit their needs and was studied while taking part in the regular education program. Results showed that medication alone was not enough to allow them to be up to par with their level of education and a combination of medication/ non medicinal treatment such as behavioural therapy would be effective (Frankenberger Cannon, 1999). At a psychological health level, there are as mentioned earlier in previous aspects, other disorders may occur with ADHD including anxiety, depression, tics and Tourette syndrome. A study was done among children who were receiving treatment from different types of medication to treat ADHD and the emergence of tics in relation to that stimulant medication. Results showed that out of 555 subjects a total of 7.8% of the subjects treated with stimulants developed tics: 8.3% of those were treated with methylphenidate, 6.3 % with dextroamphetamine, and7.7% with pemoline (Varley, Vincent, Varley, Calderon, 2001). It was also discovered that those whom developed tics were younger in age than those who did not. Dosage of medication did not play an effect on whether subjects were more likely to develop tics. Although these results were found, subjects may have developed tics irrespective of their medication, and this continues to be an ongoing controversy between intervention if tic development occurs during usage of stimulant medication and the long term risks (ibid). Another study done found that ADHD exists in 35-90% of children who have Tourette syndrome (Erenberg, 2005). It also found that these children also were those who had tics, although those were established could be part of other factors such as internal distractions e.g. (pre existing co-morbidities). It concluded that psychostimulants were equally effective in improving the condition of ADHD whether it was connected to Tics or not (ibid). ADHD continuing into adolescence and adulthood is on the rise with the rate of prevalence in adulthood is about two to four percent (Krause, Krause, Dresel, In Fougere, Ackenheil, 2006). As an individual grows older, one with ADHD shows that symptoms are most prevalent among them must change as well. With age, comes attention becoming more easily disturbed and hyperactivity diminishing. Adults can also present with co morbidity. Imaging shows the activity of dopamine in the brain showing a strong presence of a high striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) which is present in adults with ADHD, but can be controlled by stimulants. Methylphenidate is the first- line drug in adult ADHD, yet there are other options such as noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors. Although there are treatments out there even for adults, Kessler, 2004 as cited in Chater, 2006 explains that even though half of the cases of ADHD continue into adulthood, only as little as 10% of people are receiving treatment( ibid). Thus, a combination of both medication and therapy has found to be the more effective treatment for treating adults (ibid). Besides methylphenidate, there are several other types of medication available as a treatment including dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), a combination of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine (Adderall), and Pemoline (cyclert) (Levinthal, 2005). Unlike Ritalin, Adderall lasts much longer, hence only needing to be administered once. Thus, it avoids any complications with people who would be involved in assisting to administer it during the day. They have both been understood to have the same effectiveness, yet are also both becoming a drug to be abused because of its form (pills can be crushed and snorted) and the high that can be obtained from it (Levinthal, 2005:104). Strattera, a non stimulant that is fairly new within is able to be used for adults as well as children. It increases activity of norepinephrine in the brain showing that maybe there is relation between the levels of norepinephrine and its role in ADHD (ibid). Being a non –stimulant medication helps lay off the side effects the other medications have on individuals. This drug allows its administration to be once a day and works with norepinephrine levels, not dopamine (Chater, 2006). The first and only non-oral form of medication for ADHD was introduced early in 2006 called Daytrana (methylphenidate transdermal system (MTS) used once a day to treat children ages six to twelve. Due to the administration method of this drug, it can be doctor controlled and side effects can be managed (ibid). Non medicinal treatment that is available to treat ADHD is behavioural treatment, thus therapy. In a study done in 1999, they found medication was more effective in treating ADHD than behavioural treatment, than and just about as effective as a combined approach of medicine and behavioural treatment (Levinthal, 2005). Overall, although Ritalin has widely been used for some time as the treatment of choice in treating ADHD individuals, new research has been unfolding causing the medical field from prescribing Ritalin and looking into alternatives that have an effect, but don’t have all the negative factors such as bad side effects, and potential for being an abusive drug. References Anonymous. (2006). How Ritalin focuses children’s minds. New Scientist, 190(2554):19. Chater, Amanda. (2006). Drug makers see growing market as adult ADHD gains attention. Drug Store News, 28(15): pp24. Erenberg, G. (2005). The relationship between Tourette syndrome, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and stimulant medication: a critical review. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 12(4):217-221. Frankenberger, William Cannon, Christie. (1999). Effects of Ritalin on academic achievement from first to fifth grade. International Journal of Disability, Development Education, 46(2): 199-221. Levinthal, Charles. F. (2005). Drugs, Behavior and Modern Society (4th Ed). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Kidd, Parris. M. (2006). ADHD total health management the safe effective alternative to Ritalin. Total Health, 28(3):16-20. Krause, J., Krause, K.H., Dresel, S.H., la Fougere, C., Ackenheil, M. (2006). ADHD in adolescence and adulthood, with a special focus on the dopamine transporter and nicotine. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 8(1):29-36. Varley, C.K., Vincent, J., Varley, P., Calderon, R. (2001). Emergences of tics in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder treated with stimulant medications. Compr Psychiatry, 42(3):228-233. Research Papers on Pros and Cons of Ritalin (methylphenidate) as a treatment for ADHDPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Marketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andStandardized TestingHip-Hop is Art

The Devine Michelangelo and Rapheal A Mortal God videos criticism Essay

The Devine Michelangelo and Rapheal A Mortal God videos criticism - Essay Example In an effort to recreate and retell the stories of these two classical artists, BBC, in association with acclaimed directors like Bernard Hill and Sydney Kean, produced informative documentary films. These films are; Raphael – A Mortal God and The Devine Michelangelo. In 2004, BBC created a drama-documentary on the life and works of Raphael. Raphael – A Mortal God was directed by John Holdsworth. The film, which runs for 60 minutes, was released in January 2004. In the film, Bernard Hill takes the role of a background narrator. Among the key cast members include McKenna, acting as Pope Julius 2 and Joe McFadden acting as Raphael. The documentary is educational in nature (Weyant). It covers on the life and heydays of Raphael as one of the most colorful artists of Renaissance Italy. In order to enhance understanding, the documentary shows graphical representations of Raphael’s work. In addition, motion pictures depicting characters and scenes synonymous to those of Renaissance Rome are used. Personally, I think the documentary on Raphael – A Mortal God is successfully inspired. As an educational documentary, Raphael – A Mortal God captures a viewer’s attention through a recognizable conflict between the characters and the environmental context of the story. As a means of developing the dramatic curve of Raphael’s story, Bernard Hill takes a reserved stage and narrates events in a contrasting manner. For example, Raphael succeeded as an artist because he employed experimental techniques instead of adhering to conventional artistic techniques of renaissance art. In depicting Raphael’s conflict with conventional techniques of renaissance art, the film uses audio and visual medium in alienating the artist in respect to the background context (Weyant). Despite the documentary’s success in certain aspects, there is an apparent inadequacy in the use of motion pictures. In addition, the